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Roman Empire

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One of the bronze lion-head discs. Credit: Dafna Gazit, Israel Antiquities Authority.
1,900-year-old ‘lion discs’ highlight pagan burial culture in Holy Land
The ornate discs were probably intended to enhance carrying handles for a coffin, according to the Israel Antiquities Authority.
JNS Staff
June 26, 2025
Hercules sprawled on a lion’s skin, seen on the side of the marble sarcophagus found in Caesarea in April 2025. Photo by Emil Aladjem/Israel Antiquities Authority.
1,700-year-old Roman sarcophagus uncovered in Caesarea
The rare find depicts a drinking contest.
JNS Staff
June 9, 2025
A 2,000-year-old silver coin found in debris from an excavation in the City of David, Jerusalem. The inscription reads, "Shekel Yisrael." Above the chalice are the Hebrew letters "shin" and "bet," an acronym for "Shana Bet," or year two of the Jewish revolt against Rome. Credit: Eliyahu Yanai/City of David.
Jews and Zionism: An ancient bond
The Romans destroyed the Temple, banished Jews and changed the names of places to erase history. It's a strategy still being emulated.
Yonina Pritzker
March 3, 2025
Israeli children visit a columbarium, part of the cave where doves were raised for food in the Madras Caves, on March 4, 2007. Participants in what is known as the Bar Kochba rebellion, the Jewish rebellion against Rome in 132-135 C.E., hid in similar caves. The caves were found full of belongings–pottery, shoes, coins, etc.– of Bar Kochba’s people. Photo by Nati Shohat/Flash90.
Bar Kochba was latecomer to Second Century revolt, researcher says
It would be “extremely surprising” if the best historical source “forgot or did not know who were the Jewish leaders of this war which devastated the area,” writes Haggai Olshanetsky, a University of Warsaw historian and archeologist.
Menachem Wecker
Dec. 16, 2024
Masada National Park in the Judean Desert. Photo by Omer Ze'evi-Berger.
Siege of Masada lasted just weeks, researchers say
In recent decades, researchers have begun to challenge the idea that the battle lasted three years.
JNS Staff
Sept. 5, 2024
An 1,800-year-old ring engraved with a Goddess of War from Roman and Greek mythology. Photo by Emil Aladjem/Israel Antiquities Authority.
Israeli boy finds 1,800-year-old ring on Mount Carmel
The ring depicts the Roman war goddess Minerva, known to the Greeks as Athena, according to the Israel Antiquities Authority.
July 17, 2024
The Jewish public building discovered in Lod. Aerial photo by Assaf Peretz/Israel Antiquities Authority.
Evidence found in Israeli street of the last Jewish revolt against Rome
The little-known Gallus Revolt in 351-354 C.E. saw Lod, Tzipori and Tiberias destroyed.
June 16, 2024
A Palestinian archaeologist works on a 2,000 year-old lead sarcophagus discovered during the excavation of a Roman cemetery in the northern Gaza Strip, July 16, 2023. Photo by Majdi Fathi/TPS.
Roman-era sarcophagus unearthed in Gaza
The necropolis contains more than 60 tombs.
Pesach Benson
July 18, 2023
A diver measures the rare cargo near Moshav Beit Yanai. Credit: IAA.
Swimmer finds 1,800-year-old marble artifacts near Netanya
The Roman-era ship sank in a storm along with architectural elements likely intended for a temple or theater.
May 15, 2023