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Norvell DeAtkine

Once an oasis, Lebanon’s slide into disaster and chaos began when the country’s corrupt, weak leadership was drawn into the morass of Middle Eastern politics.
As in Lebanon in 1983, we are surrounded by enemies, with few reliable friends.
As others have pointed out, the Western influence did not result in more democratic institutions but rather more effective and efficient security systems. Western European ideas did not take root but totalitarian movements did, particularly among the elite.
A graduate of Indiana State University, Jamal Khashoggi was a man who moved easily in Washington and among the self-appointed “elite,” who promote their social standing by having at least one radical as a “friend” to present at cocktail parties.